The usage of several regular expressions in Linux

Regular expression is a pattern used to match each line of input. A pattern refers to a sequence of characters. Has a powerful character search function. It is also very convenient to search and filter out the content we want.

Linux system: CentOS Linux release 8.1.1911 (Core)

1、 Find out the IPv4 address of the machine in the result of the ifconfig "network card name" command

ifconfig | head -n 2|tail -1|tr -s " "|cut -d" "-f3

2、 Find the maximum percentage value of partition space usage

df |tr -s " "|cut -d" "-f5

3、 Find the user name, UID and shell type of the maximum user UID

cat /etc/passwd | cut -d:-f1,3,7| sort -nt:-k2 |tail -n 1

4、 Check out the permissions of /tmp

stat /tmp | head -n 4|tail -n 1|cut -c10-13

5、 Display the user names and UIDs of all system users on CentOS8

cat /etc/passwd |cut -d:-f1,3| egrep -v "[0-9]{4,}"

6、 Display the UID and default shell of the three users root, linuxmi, mi (A8 instead)

cat /etc/passwd |egrep "^(root|A8)"|cut -d:-f1,3

7、 Use egrep to retrieve the qualified characters in the display file in /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

echo /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions | egrep "[a-z]$"

8、 Use egrep to retrieve the directory name of the above path

echo /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions | egrep "/.*/"

9、 Count the login times of each host IP address logged in as root in the last command

10、 Use extended regular expressions to represent 0-9, 10-99, 100-199, 200-249, 250-255

echo {1..255}| egrep "\<[0-9]\>"

egrep "\<1[0-9]\>"

egrep "\<1[0-9][0-9]\>"

egrep "\<2[0-4][0-9]\>"

egrep "\<25[0-5]\>"

11、 Display all IPv4 addresses in the result of the ifconfig command

ifconfig |egrep "[0-9]{1,3}.[0-9]{1,3}.[0-9]{1,3}.[0-9]{1,3}"

Simply put, a regular expression is a description of a set of text being processed.