Tutorial for deploying nginx+uwsgi in django project under Centos8

1. Virtualenv installation

1. Install virtualenv

pip3 install virtualenv

2. Create a directory and transfer the project files

mkdir My
cd My

3. Create a standalone environment-naming

virtualenv –no-site-packages –python=python3 venv1 #Create an independent environment and specify that the interpreter is python3

4. Enter the virtual environment

source venv1/bin/activate #Enter the virtual environment at this time (venv1)

5. Install third-party libraries in the virtual environment and import the required environment (export command: pip3 freeze> packages.txt)

pip3 install django==2.11 #At this time, pip3 packages will be installed in the venv1 environment, and venv1 is created for Myproject
pip3 install -r packages.txt

6. Exit venv1 environment

deactivate

7. How does virtualenv create a "standalone" Python runtime environment? The principle is very simple, that is, copy the system Python to the virtualenv environment,
   When using the command source venv/bin/activate to enter a virtualenv environment, virtualenv will modify the relevant environment variables so that the commands python and pip point to the current virtualenv environment.

2. Django configuration

1. settings.py

DEBUG = False #debug changed to false

ALLOWED_HOSTS =['*'] #Change the access address to "*"Means all

STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(BASE_DIR),"static")
 # The directory accessed by nginx is placed in the previous static directory, you can customize the absolute path to write
STATIC_URL ='/static/' 
STATICFILES_DIRS=[ os.path.join(BASE_DIR,"static")，]

MEDIA_URL ='/archive/'
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(BASE_DIR),'archive') 
# Static files uploaded by users, such as avatars

After the configuration is complete, run python manage.py collectstatic to load static files to the STATIC_ROOT directory

2. urls.py

from django.urls import path,re_path
from django.conf import settings
from django.views.staticimport serve
 
urlpatterns =[　　　re_path(r'^archive/(?P<path>.*)$', serve,{'document_root': settings.MEDIA_ROOT}, name='archive'), #User uploaded files
 path('favicon.ico', serve,{'path':'img/favicon.ico','document_root':settings.STATIC_ROOT}),
 # Global favicon.ico icon
]

3. Install and configure uwsgi

1. Enter the virtual environment venv1, install uwsgi (it is best to install it outside the virtual environment)

( venv1) [root@localhost ~]# pip3 install uwsgi

2. Configure the startup file (you can put it in any directory, I put it under venv1)
   uwsgi supports multiple configuration methods such as ini, xml, etc. This article takes ini as an example, create a new uwsgi.ini in the /etc/ directory, and add the following configuration:

 # Add configuration options
 [ uwsgi]
 # Configure the socket connection to nginx
 socket=127.0.0.1:8000
 # http=0.0.0.0:8000 #http connection
 # Configure the project path, the directory where the project is located
 chdir =/opt/My/Myproject

 # Configure wsgi interface module file path,Which is wsgi.py the name of the directory where the file is located
 wsgi-file = Myproject/wsgi.py
 # Configure the number of processes started
 processes=4
 # Configure the number of threads per process
 threads=2
 # Configuration start management main process
 master=True
 # Virtual environment directory
 home=/opt/My/venv1
 # Configure the process number file of the main process (I commented, it is said to conflict with the supervisor log)
 # pidfile=uwsgi.pid

 # Configure dump logging (same as above)
 # daemonize=uwsgi.log 

3. Specify the configuration file to start

uwsgi –ini /opt/My/venv1/uwsgi.ini

4. Install and configure nginx

1. Install nginx on centos8 (direct yum installation)

yum install -y nginx

2. Configure nginx.conf

 user nginx;
 worker_processes 2; #Number of processes
 error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
 pid /run/nginx.pid;

 # Load dynamic modules. See /usr/share/doc/nginx/README.dynamic.
 include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf;

 events {
 worker_connections 1024;
 }

 http {
 log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
 ' $status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
 '" $http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

 access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;

 sendfile on;
 tcp_nopush on;
 tcp_nodelay on;

 keepalive_timeout 65;
 types_hash_max_size 2048;

 include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
 default_type application/octet-stream;

 # Load modular configuration files from the /etc/nginx/conf.d directory.
 # See http://nginx.org/en/docs/ngx_core_module.html#include
 # for more information.
 # include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;

 server {
 listen 80;#Listening port
 # listen [::]:80 default_server;
 server_name 192.168.3.119;#Domain name or IP
 # root /usr/share/nginx/html;

 # Load configuration files for the default server block.
 # include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;
 charset utf-8;

 location /static {
 alias /opt/My/static; #Static file address (STATIC_ROOT）

 }

 location / {
 include uwsgi_params;
 uwsgi_pass 0.0.0.0:8000; #Project port number
 uwsgi_param UWSGI_SCRIPT Myproject.wsgi; #Project wsgi.py directory
 uwsgi_param UWSGI_CHDIR /opt/My/Myproject; #Project directory
 }

 }

 }

3. Start nginx

/usr/sbin/nginx

5. Install and configure supervisor

1. Install supervisor

pip3 install supervisor # Before you need python2 environment to install, now you can install it directly with pip3

2. Generate configuration files through commands to the etc directory (can be customized)

echo_supervisord_conf > /etc/supervisord.conf

3. Add the following code at the end of the configuration file

[ program:myname] #Task name
 command=/opt/my/venv1/bin/uwsgi --ini /opt/my/venv1/uwsgi.ini
 # The executed command runs uwsgi. uwsgi is in the virtual environment

 [ program:nginx] 
 command=/usr/sbin/nginx #Run nginx

4. Start supervisor

 supervisord -c /etc/supervisord.conf #Start supervisor
 supervisorctl -c /etc/supervisord.conf #Enter the supervisor interactive interface

5. supervisor command

 start myname #start up\
 stop myname #stop>>You can write the task name or all means all
 restart myname #Reboot/

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