Python automated operation and maintenance 1
[ TOC]
0 x00 Quick Start####
System basic information####
psutil-System Performance Information Module#####
psutil is a cross-platform library used to retrieve information about processes running in Python and system utilization (CPU, memory, disk, network, sensors). Support platform:
- Linux
- Windows
- macOS
- FreeBSD
- OpenBSD
- NetBSD
- Sun Solaris
- AIX
Download and use:
pip install psutil
>>> help(psutil)
Use Cases:
#! /usr/bin/env python3
# - *- coding:utf-8-*-
# Function: system basic information module collection
import psutil
import datetime
from subprocess import PIPE
def Memory():
mem = psutil.virtual_memory()
swap = psutil.swap_memory()
total =round(mem.total /pow(1024,3),2)
free =round(mem.available /pow(1024,3),2)
use = total - free
print("System memory information:")print("\tTotal：{1:.2f} {0} \n\tUse：{2:.2f} {0} \n\tFree: {3:.2f} {0} \
\ n\tMemory usage percentage:{4:.2f}% \n".format("GB",total,use,free,mem.percent)) #Format data
print("\tswapTotal：{1:.2f} {0} \n\tswapUse：{2:.2f} {0} \n\tswapFree: {3:.2f} {0} \
\ n\T swap partition usage percentage:{4:.2f}% \n".format("GB",swap.total /pow(1024,3),swap.used /pow(1024,3),swap.free /pow(1024,3),swap.percent)) #Format data
def Cpu():
cpu = psutil.cpu_times()
cpucount = psutil.cpu_count()print("System processor information:")print("\tUser：{1:.2f} \n\
Sysetm：{2:.2f} \n\
idle: {3:.2f} \n\
CPU logic number:{4:d} \n\t".format("",cpu.user,cpu.system,cpu.idle,cpucount)) #Format data
def Disk():
disk = psutil.disk_partitions();
diskio = psutil.disk_io_counters()print("System disk information:")for i in disk:print(i.device,i.fstype,i.opts,end="\n")
diskname = psutil.disk_usage(i.device)
diskvalue =[]for j in diskname:
diskvalue.append(j)print("Total: {1:.2f}{0} Used: {2:.2f}{0} Free: {3:.2f}{0}100% disk usage:{4:.2f}%\n".format("GB",diskvalue[0]/pow(1024,3),diskvalue[1]/pow(1024,3),diskvalue[2]/pow(1024,3),diskvalue[3]))print("Disk IO information: Read:",diskio.read_count," Read_time: ",diskio.read_time,"\tWrite:",diskio.write_count," Write_time: ",diskio.write_time,"\n")
def Net():
ip = psutil.net_if_addrs()
netio = psutil.net_io_counters()print("System network card information:")for i in ip:print("\t",i,end="\t")for x in ip[i]:print(x.address,end=" ")print("")print("\n\t Bytes_sent : {0:d} Bytes_recv : {1:d} \n\t packets_sent(Send packet) : {2:d} packets_recv(Receive packet)：{3:d}\n".format(netio.bytes_sent,netio.bytes_recv,netio.packets_sent,netio.packets_recv))
def Info():
users = psutil.users()print("System user information:")for i in users:print("\t",i,end=" ")print("\tSystem on time:",datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(users[0].started).strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"))print("\t Start-up time:",datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(psutil.boot_time()).strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"),end="\n\n")
def Process():print("System process information:")
pid = psutil.pids();for pidnum in pid:print("\t",psutil.Process(pidnum).pid,":",psutil.Process(pidnum).name())
# System performance information: memory/ CPU /Disk/The internet/Miscellaneous
def systemPerformance():Cpu()Memory()Disk()Net()Info()Process()
# Popen via psutil()Method to start the application,Can track all relevant information about the program running
p = psutil.Popen(["python","-c","print('Hello World!')"],stdout=PIPE)print(p)print(p.username(),p.communicate())if __name__ =="__main__":systemPerformance()
System monitoring####
dnspython-domain name polling business monitoring#####
Description: Commonly used DNS resolution is that one domain name corresponds to one IP address, but through DNS polling technology, one domain name corresponds to multiple IPs;
- Benefits: to achieve the simplest and most efficient load balancing;
- Disadvantages: the target host cannot be automatically removed when it is unavailable;
actual case:
[+ View on Github](https://github.com/WeiyiGeek/Study-Promgram/blob/master/Python3/Python%E8%87%AA%E5%8A%A8%E5%8C%96%E8%BF%90% E7%BB%B4/dnsmonitorweb.py)
#! /usr/bin/env python
# - *- coding: utf-8-*-
# @ File : dnsmonitorweb.py.py
# @ CreateTime :2019/7/1016:58
# @ Author : WeiyiGeek
# @ Function :Realize DNS domain name polling service monitoring
# @ Software: PyCharm
import dns.resolver
import os
import urllib.request
import ssl
iplist=[]
domain="www.qq.com.cn"
def get_ip(domain=""):try:
A = dns.resolver.query(domain,'A')
except Exception as e:print("DNS resolver error : %s "%str(e))return False
for i in A.response.answer:for j in i.items:if j.address not in iplist:
iplist.append(j.address)print("DNS A record:%s"%j)return True
def checkweb(ipaddr):
url ="http://"+ipaddr
content =""try:
response = urllib.request.urlopen(url,timeout=5,context=ssl._create_unverified_context()) #Define http link timeout time of 15 seconds,Support https request
except Exception as e:print("[URL request error]: \n%s"%str(e))finally:print("Request URL:", response.geturl())print("status code:", response.getcode())print("Return message header:\n%s"%response.info())ifint(response.getcode())==200:print(ipaddr +" [alive]")else:print(ipaddr +" [Error]")if __name__ =='__main__':ifget_ip(domain) and len(iplist)>0:for ip in iplist:checkweb(ip)else:print("Monitoring completed")else:print("DNS Resolver Error!")
WeiyiGeek.web example
File comparison####
File content difference comparison#####
(1) difflib module
Description: As a standard library module of Python, difflib is used to compare the differences between files and output the results to HTML documents;
- Symbol meaning description*:
# '- ': In the head is indicated in a sequence, but not included in the second sequence line,When it's at the bottom, it means extra difference;
# '+': At the head is indicated in the two sequences, but not included in the first sequence line
# ' ': The two sequences are identical
# '?': Marks the incremental difference between two sequence lines
# '^': Mark the difference between two sequence lines
Actual case: (this method can be used to compare the differences of linux configuration files)
#! /usr/bin/env python
# - *- coding: utf-8-*-
# @ File : difflibfile.py
# @ CreateTime :2019/7/1117:34
# @ Author : WeiyiGeek
# @ Function :Achieve string comparison between two texts
# @ Software: PyCharm
import difflib
t1 ="""text1
this is a demo!
front not diff file
add string
"""
t2 ="""text2
this is a demo!
front diff file
del string
"""
def main():
t1line = t1.splitlines() #Segmented by behavior
t2line = t2.splitlines()
# Example 1.Output to the shell
diff = difflib.Differ() #Create a Differ object
result = diff.compare(t1line,t2line)
# print("\n".join(list(result))) #Ibid
for i inlist(result): #Slowly output results to standard input
print(i)
## Output result##
# - text1
# ?^
#
# + text2
# ?^
#
# this is a demo!
# - front not diff file
# ?-----
#
# + front diff file #There is no incremental difference here
# - add string
# ?-^
#
# + del string
# ?^^
# Example 2.Produce beautiful and contrast HTML documents
d = difflib.HtmlDiff()withopen("diff.html",'w+')as f:
f.writelines(d.make_file(t1line,t2line))if __name__ =='__main__':main()
WeiyiGeek.difflib example
(2) filecmp module
Description: filecmp is Python's own module, which can realize the difference comparison function of files/directories/traverse subdirectories;
For example, in the report, the output target directory is more than the original file or subdirectory, even if the file has the same name, it will be judged whether it is the same file (content-level comparison);
Three operation methods of filecmp:
(1) Single file comparison: filecmp.cmp(f1,f2[,shallow]) #Compare f1,Are f2 files the same True/Fasle
- shallow: The default is True, which means not based on os.stat()The method returns the basic information of the file for comparison and judgment such as access and modification time,If Fasle is based on(2)Multi-file comparison: filecmp.cmp(dir1,dir2,common[,shallow]) #Compare the files in the two directories and return three lists which are match, mismatch and error
- common :The list indicates the files to be compared[f1,f2,f3,f4]-Matching contains a list of matched files, otherwise it does not match. The error list represents a list of files that do not exist in the directory and the file list that cannot be compared due to permissions.
[ dir1]
ee38a408f20702ccc05fb39a04ee251c f1
1139929 d8855ced585631c0e3fe8ad8d f2
c35957891d72c0c32b53a01911224e13 f3
[ dir2]
ee38a408f20702ccc05fb39a04ee251c f1
9939929 d8855ced625631c0e3fe8ad8d f2
c35957891d72c0c32b53a01911224e13 f4
# Results of the(['f1'],['f2'],['f3'])(3)Directory comparison: dircmp(a,b[,ignore [,hide]]) #Create a directory comparison object, supporting recursion will show the matching files including files in the a directory and subdirectories where ab exists
- ignore :File name ignore list['RCS',cvs,'tags']- hide :Hide list default[os.curdir,os.pardir]
# python -c "import os;print (os.curdir,os.pardir)"
# ('.','..')
Supplementary note:
-
report(): Compare the contents of the current specified directory
-
report_partial_closure(): Compare the contents of the current specified directory and the first-level subdirectory
-
report_full_closure(): Recursively compare the contents of all specified directories
-
left: left directory
-
right: right directory
-
left_list: A list of files and folders in the left folder;
-
right_list: A list of files and folders in the right folder;
-
left_only: files or folders that only exist in the left folder;
-
right_only: files or folders that only exist in the right folder;
-
common: files or folders that exist in both folders;
-
common_dirs: subfolders that exist in both folders;
-
common_files: sub-files that exist in both folders;
-
common_funny: subfolders that exist in both folders;
-
same_files: matching files;
-
diff_files: unmatched files;
-
funny_files: files that exist in both folders but cannot be compared;
-
subdirs: map the common_dirs directory name to the new dircmp object in the format of dictionary type
actual case:
#! /usr/bin/env python
# - *- coding: utf-8-*-
# @ File : filedircmp.py
# @ CreateTime :2019/7/1210:21
# @ Author : WeiyiGeek
# @ Function :file/Comparison between directories
# @ Software: PyCharm
import filecmp
import pprint
file1 ="./diff.html"
file2 ="./difflibfile.py"
dir1 ="../"
dir2 ="../../"
def main():
# Example 1.File comparison is different
print("Are the files the same:%s"%str(filecmp.cmp(file1,file2,False)))print("Are the files the same:%s"%str(filecmp.cmp(file1,file2,True)))
# Example 2.Realize directory difference comparison function
# Compare the contents of the current specified directory
dirobj = filecmp.dircmp(dir1,dir2,['diff.html']) #Directory comparison, ignore test.py file
print("\n[*] report ")
dirobj.report()
# Compare the contents of the current specified directory and the first-level subdirectory
print("\n[*] report partial closure ")
dirobj.report_partial_closure()
# Recursively compare the contents of all specified directories
print("\n[*] report full closure ")
dirobj.report_full_closure()
# For other attributes of the dircmp class, refer to the above
print("dircmp class left_list attributes:"+str(dirobj.left_list))print("dircmp class left_only attribute:")
pprint.pprint(dirobj.left_only)if __name__ =='__main__':main()
# Supplementary results:
dircmp class left_list attributes:['.gitignore','.idea','Day1','Day2','Day3','Day4','Day5','Day6','Day7','Python security platform construction','Python automated operation and maintenance']
dircmp class left_only attribute:
['. gitignore','.idea','Day1','Day2','Day3','Day4','Day5','Day6','Day7','Python security platform construction','Python automated operation and maintenance']
WeiyiGeek.filecmp example
Message sending
Email sending
smtplib send email module
Description: SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) is a simple transfer protocol, which is a set of rules for mail transfer from source address to destination address.
- Python support for SMTP*:
①email module: responsible for building email
② smtplib module: responsible for sending mail
- The smtplib module defines an SMTP client session object, which can be used to send mail to any Internet machine with an SMTP or ESMTP listener daemon
- Python adopts smtplib mode to realize the mail sending function. E-mail is one of the most popular Internet applications. Operation and maintenance personnel often send alarm information, business quality reports, etc. through mail;
- The stmplib module is commonly used:*
# Instantiate object SMTP
SMTP = smtplib.SMTP(host='', port=0, local_hostname=None,[timeout,]source_address=None) #Initialization returns a non-SSL smtp object default port 25
SMTP = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(host='', port=0, local_hostname=None, keyfile=None, certfile=None,[timeout,]context=None, source_address=None) #Return an SSLsmtp object, default port 465
LMTP = smtplib.LMTP(host='', port=LMTP_PORT, local_hostname=None, source_address=None) #The LMTP protocol is very similar to ESMTP and is mainly based on a standard SMTP client.
# Exception thrown
exception smtplib.SMTPException #A subclass of OSError, it is the base exception class for all other exceptions provided by this module.
exception smtplib.SMTPServerDisconnected #This exception is thrown when the server accidentally disconnects, or when trying to use it before connecting the SMTP instance to the server.
exception smtplib.SMTPResponseException #The base class for all exceptions containing SMTP error codes. These exceptions are generated when the SMTP server returns an error code.
# The error code is stored in the wrong smtp_In the code attribute, smtp_The error attribute is set to the error message.
exception smtplib.SMTPSenderRefused #The sender address was rejected. In addition to the attributes set by all SMTPResponseException exceptions,' sender 'Set to the string rejected by the SMTP server.
exception smtplib.SMTPRecipientsRefused #All recipient addresses are rejected. The error of each recipient can be accessed through the attribute recipient. The attribute recipient is the same as the SMTP.sendmail()The returned dictionaries are in exactly the same order.
exception smtplib.SMTPDataError #The SMTP server refused to accept the message data.
exception smtplib.SMTPConnectError #An error occurred while establishing a connection with the server.
exception smtplib.SMTPAuthenticationError #Error when establishing authentication with server
exception smtplib.SMTPHeloError #The server rejected our HELO message.
exception smtplib.SMTPNotSupportedError #The server does not support the command or option attempted.
# SMTP representative object
SMTP.connect(host='localhost', port=0) #When the initialization is not set up host and default port=It needs to be set at 25. It is very common to use Unix sockets in LMTP, so our connect()Method must support this
SMTP.helo(name='') #Use HELO to identify yourself to the SMTP server. The hostname parameter defaults to the fully qualified domain name of the local host. The message returned by the server is stored as the helo of the object_resp attribute.
SMTP.ehlo(name='') #Use EHLO to identify yourself to the ESMTP server. The hostname parameter defaults to the fully qualified domain name of the local host.
SMTP.login(user, password,*, initial_response_ok=True) #Log in to the SMTP server that requires authentication. The parameters are the username and password to be authenticated, and an exception is returned if it is wrong
SMTP.auth(mechanism, authobject,*, initial_response_ok=True) #For a list of supported authentication methods, see auth()
SMTP.starttls(keyfile=None, certfile=None, context=None) #Put SMTP connection in TLS(Transport layer security)mode. All subsequent smtpcommands will be encrypted. Then ehlo should be called again()
SMTP.sendmail(from_addr, to_addrs, msg, mail_options=(), rcpt_options=()) #Mailing,msg can be a string containing characters in the ASCII range, or a byte string
SMTP.send_message(msg, from_addr=None, to_addrs=None, mail_options=(), rcpt_options=()) #This is calling sendmail()A convenient way to use email.The message represented by message. If from_addr is None or to_addrs is None, the address in msg will be extracted
SMTP.set_debuglevel(level) #Set debug output level 1/true/2(In version 3.0add)
SMTP.quit() #Terminate the SMTP session and close the connection
SMTP.close()
- Common modules of email package:*
# Customize personalized mail format method
•email.message #Mail structure
- email.message.EmailMessage() #Return the object msg, construct the sending text and store it in the array
•email.parser #Parse mail information
•email.mime #Create email and MIME objects from scratch(Support HTML)- email.mime.text.MIMEText(""" HTML """,_subtype='plain', _charset=None,*, policy=compat32) #HTML/subtype:Text type(plain or html)/Character Encoding
- email.mime.multipart.MIMEMultipart(_subtype='mixed', boundary=None, _subparts=None,*, policy=compat32,**_params) #Generate a MIME object containing multiple parts of the mail body,Three subtypes of subtype: mixed)(Message body with attachment),related(Build the embedded resource mail body),alternative(Construct a mail body in which plain text and hypertext coexist);- email.mime.audio.MIMEAudio(_audiodata, _subtype=None, _encoder=email.encoders.encode_base64,*, policy=compat32,**_params) #Create a message body containing audio data, audiodata raw binary audio data byte string;
email.mime.image.MIMEImage(_imagedata, _subtype=None, _encoder=email.encoders.encode_base64,*, policy=compat32,**_params) #Create a message body containing image data, imagedata, a byte string of raw binary image data;
Module example:
# Example 1.The SMTP class supports the with statement. When you exit after this use, the SMTP QUIT command will be issued automatically (yes, to determine whether the connection is normal)
>>> with smtplib.SMTP("smtp.qq.com",25)as smtp:
smtp.noop() #Port 25 non-SSL
smtp.helo('[email protected]')(250, b'Ok')(250, b'smtp.qq.com')>>>with smtplib.SMTP_SSL("smtp.qq.com",465)as smtp:
smtp.noop() #465 port SSL
smtp.helo('[email protected]')(250, b'Ok')(250, b'smtp.qq.com')
# Exception thrown and helo identifies itself
>>> try:
smtp = smtplib.SMTP("smtp.sina.com",25)
smtp.helo('[email protected]')
smtp.ehlo("[email protected]")
smtp.quit('flag')
except smtplib.SMTPException as connect:print("+ [ Error ]:"+connect)(250, b'smtp-5-123.smtpsmail.fmail.xd.sinanode.com')(221, b'smtp-5-123.smtpsmail.fmail.xd.sinanode.com')(250, b'smtp.sina.com\nPIPELINING\nSIZE 73400320\nSTARTTLS\nAUTH LOGIN PLAIN\nAUTH=LOGIN\nMAILCOMPRESS\n8BITMIME')
# Login and exception thrown
>>> smtp = smtplib.SMTP("smtp.qq.com",25)>>>try:
res = smtp.login('[email protected]','itfbbfqxnbhda')print(res)
except smtplib.SMTPException as test:print("Error:"+str(test))
# Authentication is successful(235, b'Authentication successful')
# Exception thrown
>>> smtp = smtplib.SMTP("smtp.qq.com",25)>>>try:
res = smtp.login('[email protected]','itfbbfqxnbhda')print(res)
except smtplib.SMTPException as test:print("Error:"+str(test))
Error:(535, b'Error: \xc7\xeb\xca\xb9\xd3\xc3\xca\xda\xc8\xa8\xc2\xeb\xb5\xc7\xc2\xbc\xa1\xa3\xcf\xea\xc7\xe9\xc7\xeb\xbf\xb4: http://service.mail.qq.com/cgi-bin/help?subtype=1&&id=28&&no=1001256')
# Certification process
# SMTP(host,port)-> login
# SMTP()->connect(host,port)->ehlo('[email protected]')-> login
>>> smtp = smtplib.SMTP("smtp.qq.com",25)>>>try:
res = smtp.login('[email protected]','iocztfbbfqxnbhda')print(res)
smtp.close()
smtp.connect("smtp.qq.com",25)
smtp.ehlo("[email protected]")
res = smtp.login('[email protected]','iocztfbbfqxnbhda')print(res)
except smtplib.SMTPException as test:print("Error:"+str(test))(235, b'Authentication successful')(220, b'smtp.qq.com Esmtp QQ Mail Server')(250, b'smtp.qq.com\nPIPELINING\nSIZE 73400320\nSTARTTLS\nAUTH LOGIN PLAIN\nAUTH=LOGIN\nMAILCOMPRESS\n8BITMIME')(235, b'Authentication successful')
Email sending example
import smtplib
from email.message import EmailMessage
msg =EmailMessage()
msg['Subject']='Login Smtp Succeeful'
msg['From']='WeiyiGEEK'
msg['To']='[email protected]'
msg.set_content("Test connection server(1)")
smtp = smtplib.SMTP("smtp.qq.com",25)try:
res = smtp.login('WeiyiGEEK','iocztfbbfqxnbhda')
smtp.send_message(msg)print(res)
smtp.close()
except smtplib.SMTPException as test:print("Error:"+str(test))
Actual case (1) Sending of text HTML information:
#! /usr/bin/env python
# - *- coding: utf-8-*-
# @ File : stmpDemo.py
# @ CreateTime :2019/7/2616:17
# @ Author : WeiyiGeek
# @ Function :Realize the sending of mail
# @ Software: PyCharm
import smtplib
import socket
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
SMTPHOST ="smtp.qq.com"
SMTPUSER =""
SMTPPASS ="jxgovvrd"
FROM =""
TO =""
Subject ="Test smtplib sending module"
def info():
# Get computer name
hostname = socket.gethostname()
# Get local IP
ip = socket.gethostbyname(hostname)return hostname + ip
def sendmail(From,To,boby):try:
# server = smtplib.SMTP() #Create an SMTP object
# server = smtplib.connect(SMTPHOST,"25") #Connect to the smtp host in non-SSL mode
server = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(SMTPHOST) #Connecting to the smtp host via SSL method uses port 465 by default
# server.starttls() #Enable secure transfer mode
server.login(SMTPUSER, SMTPPASS) #Account email verification
server.sendmail(From, To, boby)
server.quit()print("Successful! dindong")
except Exception as e:print("[Failed to send]!:"+str(e))
def main():
Content =info()+"\r\n I am a computer technology enthusiast, I am learning Python operation and maintenance"
msg =MIMEText("""
# Create a MIMEtext object and insert HTML content separately/Types of/text/Character Encoding,
< table width="400" border="1px solid red"><th>No. 1</th><th>No. 2</th><tr><td>Host name</td><td>IP address</td><tr></table>"""+Content, "HTML" ,"UTF-8") #Assemble the main content of sendmail
msg['Subject']= Subject #Must be placed after MIMEText
msg['From']= FROM
msg['To']= TO
sendmail(FROM, TO, msg.as_string())if __name__ =='__main__':main()
WeiyiGeek. Sending test
Practical case (2) Picture format and attachment file sending:
#! /usr/bin/env python
# - *- coding: utf-8-*-
# @ File : stmplibsimple3.py
# @ CreateTime :2019/7/3016:07
# @ Author : WeiyiGeek
# @ Function :Send screenshots and send emails in attachment format
# @ Software: PyCharm
import smtplib,os
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.image import MIMEImage
from PIL import ImageGrab
SMTPHOST ="smtp.qq.com"
SMTPUSER ="[email protected]"
SMTPPASS ="iocztfbbfqxnbhda"
SUBJECT = u"Screen shot sending and attachment format email sending test"
FROM = SMTPUSER
TO ="[email protected]"
def captrue():
img = ImageGrab.grab(bbox=(0,0,1141,610))
img.save('captrue.jpg','JPEG')
os.system("ipconfig > ip.txt")
def addimg(src, imgid):"""
Add picture and iD to mimeiMAGE object
: param src:Picture path
: param imgid:Picture id
: return:Back to imgImage object
"""
withopen(src,'rb')as img:
msgimage =MIMEImage(img.read()) #Create a MIMEImage object to read the image content as a parameter
msgimage.add_header('Content-ID', imgid) #Specify the content of the image file-ID,Used in img tag
return msgimage #Return MIMEImage object
def addacc():
# Create a MIMEText object to attach the document to the email
attach =MIMEText(open('./ip.txt','r').read(),"plain","utf-8")
attach["Context-type"]="text/plain" #Specify file type
attach["Content-Disposition"]="attachment; filename='ip.txt'" #Set download dialog
return attach
def sendmain(msg):try:
server = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(SMTPHOST)
server.login(SMTPUSER, SMTPPASS)
server.sendmail(FROM, TO, msg.as_string())
server.quit()print("Mail sent successfully")
except Exception as err:print("Failed to send:"+str(err))
def emailContent():
message =MIMEMultipart('related') #Create a MIMEutilpart object and use related to define the message body of the embedded resource
msgtext =MIMEText("""
< font color=red>Official website business attachment</font><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr bgcolor="#CECFAD" height="20" style="front-size:14px"><td colspan="2">System screenshot image sent by email</td></tr><tr><td><a href="www.weiyigeek.github.io"><img src="cid:captrue" alt="Python screenshot"></a></td></tr></table>""",'html','utf-8') #The picture of the img tag is through Content-Referenced by ID
message.attach(msgtext)
message.attach(addimg("./captrue.jpg","captrue"))
message.attach(addacc())
message['Subject']= SUBJECT
message['From']= FROM
message['To']= TO
sendmain(message) #Mailing
def main():captrue() #Screenshot
emailContent() #Mail structure
if __name__ =='__main__':main()
WeiyiGeek. Send pictures and documents by email
- Supplementary reference:*
- Content-type comparison table: http://tool.oschina.net/commons
- https://www.cnblogs.com/grefr/p/6089079.html
- Mail service related modules:
# See also:
Module smtplib :SMTP(Simple Mail Transport Protocol) client
Module poplib :POP(Post Office Protocol) client
Module imaplib :IMAP(Internet Message Access Protocol) client
Module nntplib :NNTP(Net News Transport Protocol) client
Module mailboxTools :A tool for creating, reading, and managing message collections on disk using various standard formats.
Module smtpd : SMTP server framework(primarily useful for testing)
test environment
On the client.jaylin.Send mail on com:
# telnet mail.jaylin.com 25
Trying 192.168.1.9...
Connected to mail.jaylin.com(192.168.1.9).
Escape character is '^]'.220 mail.jaylin.com ESMTP Sendmail 8.13.8/8.13.8; Wed,21 Oct 200905:12:41+0800
EHLO mail.jaylin.com
250- mail.jaylin.com Hello [192.168.1.7], pleased to meet you
250- ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES
250- PIPELINING
250- 8 BITMIME
250- SIZE
250- DSN
250- ETRN
250- DELIVERBY
250 HELP
MAIL FROM:[email protected]2502.1.0[email protected] Sender ok
RCPT TO:[email protected]2502.1.5[email protected] Recipient ok
DATA
354 Enter mail, end with"." on a line by itself
SUBJECT xinxin
lala~.2502.0.0 n9KLCfJo004052 Message accepted for delivery
quit
2212.0.0 mail.jaylin.com closing connection
Connection closed by foreign host.
On the client.xin.Receive mail on com:# telnet mail.xin.com 110
Trying 192.168.2.11...
Connected to mail.xin.com(192.168.2.11).
Escape character is '^]'.+OK Dovecot ready.
User xin
+ OK
Pass ******+OK Logged in.
List
+ OK 12 messages:162126243619461956206841783987579738107371174212740.
retr 12+OK 740 octets
Return-Path:<[email protected]>
Received:from smarthost.jaylin.com(smarthost.jaylin.co [192.168.1.6](may be forged))
by mail.xin.com(8.13.8/8.13.8)with ESMTP id n9KLDC2H004460
for<[email protected]>; Wed,21 Oct 200905:13:12+0800
Received:from mail.jaylin.com(mail.jaylin.com [192.168.1.9])
by smarthost.jaylin.com(8.13.8/8.13.8)with ESMTP id n9KLD7VC006062
for<[email protected]>; Wed,21 Oct 200905:13:07+0800
Received:from mail.jaylin.com([192.168.1.7])
by mail.jaylin.com(8.13.8/8.13.8)with ESMTP id n9KLCfJo004052
for[email protected]; Wed,21 Oct 200905:12:54+0800
Date: Wed,21 Oct 200905:12:41+0800
From:[email protected]
Message-Id:<[email protected]>
SUBJECT xinxin
lala~.
quit
+ OK Logging out.
Connection closed by foreign host.
In order to verify that Smarthost is effective, let's check the three Sendmail servers/var/log/maillog log file.
Sender mail.jaylin.com：
Oct 2105:13:02 mail sendmail[4052]: n9KLCfJo004052:[email protected], size=21,class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<[email protected]>, proto=ESMTP, daemon=MTA, relay=[192.168.1.7]
Oct 2105:13:02 mail sendmail[4054]: n9KLCfJo004052:[email protected],[email protected](501/501), delay=00:00:08, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=relay, pri=120021, relay=smarthost.jaylin.com [192.168.1.6], dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent(n9KLD7VC006062 Message accepted for delivery)
Smarthost as Smarthost.jaylin.com：
Oct 2105:13:07 client1 sendmail[6062]: n9KLD7VC006062:from=<[email protected]>, size=304,class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<[email protected]>, proto=ESMTP, daemon=MTA, relay=mail.jaylin.com [192.168.1.9]
Oct 2105:13:07 client1 sendmail[6064]: n9KLD7VC006062: to=<[email protected]>, delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=esmtp, pri=120304, relay=mail.xin.com.[192.168.2.11], dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent(n9KLDC2H004460 Message accepted for delivery)
Recipient mail.xin.com：
Oct 2105:13:12 mail sendmail[4460]: n9KLDC2H004460:from=<[email protected]>, size=489,class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<[email protected]>, proto=ESMTP, daemon=MTA, relay=smarthost.jaylin.co [192.168.1.6](may be forged)
Oct 2105:13:12 mail sendmail[4461]: n9KLDC2H004460: to=<[email protected]>, delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=local, pri=30702, dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent
Oct 2105:13:35 mail dovecot: pop3-login: Login: user=<xin>, method=PLAIN, rip=::ffff:192.168.2.8, lip=::ffff:192.168.2.11
Oct 2105:13:41 mail dovecot:POP3(xin): Disconnected: Logged out top=0/0, retr=1/756, del=0/12, size=8497
Recommended Posts