How to install Jenkins on Ubuntu 18.04
Introduction
Jenkins is an open source automation server that can automate the repetitive technical tasks involved in continuous integration and software delivery. Jenkins is Java-based and can be installed from the Ubuntu package or by downloading and running its Web Application Archive (WAR) file-the file is a collection of files that make up a complete Web application running on the server.
In this tutorial, you will install Jenkins by adding its Debian package repository, and use that repository to install packages with apt.
Preparation
To follow this tutorial, you need:
- An Ubuntu 18.04 server, configured with a non-root user with sudo permissions and a firewall. We recommend starting with at least 1 GB of RAM. For guidance on planning production Jenkins installation capacity, see Choosing the right hardware for Masters.
- Java 8 is installed, following our guidelines for installing a specific version of OpenJDK on Ubuntu 18.04.
Students who don’t have a server can buy it from here, but I personally recommend you to use the free Tencent Cloud Developer Lab for experimentation, and then buy server.
Step 1-Install Jenkins
The Jenkins version included in the default Ubuntu package is usually after the latest available version of the project itself. To take advantage of the latest patches and features, you can install Jenkins using the package maintained by the project.
First, add the repository key to the system:
wget -q -O - https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian/jenkins.io.key | sudo apt-key add -
After adding the key, the system will return OK. Next, append the address of the Debian package repository to the server's sources.list:
sudo sh -c 'echo deb http://pkg.jenkins.io/debian-stable binary/ > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/jenkins.list'
When these two are in place, run update so that apt uses the new repository:
sudo apt update
Finally, install Jenkins and its dependencies:
sudo apt install jenkins
Now that Jenkins and its dependencies are in place, we will start the Jenkins server.
Step 2-Start Jenkins
Let's start Jenkins with systemctl:
sudo systemctl start jenkins
Since systemctl does not display output, you can use its status command to verify whether Jenkins has started successfully:
sudo systemctl status jenkins
If all goes well, the beginning of the output should show that the service is active and configured to start on boot:
● jenkins.service - LSB: Start Jenkins at boot time
Loaded:loaded(/etc/init.d/jenkins; generated)
Active:active(exited) since Mon 2018-07-0917:22:08 UTC; 6min ago
Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)
Tasks:0(limit:1153)
CGroup:/system.slice/jenkins.service
Now that Jenkins is running, let's adjust the firewall rules so that we can access it from a web browser to complete the initial setup.
Step 3-Turn on the firewall
By default, Jenkins runs on port 8080, so let's use the ufw command to open that port:
sudo ufw allow 8080
Check the status of ufw to confirm the new rule:
sudo ufw status
You will see that traffic is allowed to be ported to port 8080 from anywhere:
Status: active
To Action From
------------
OpenSSH ALLOW Anywhere
8080 ALLOW Anywhere
OpenSSH(v6) ALLOW Anywhere(v6)8080(v6) ALLOW Anywhere(v6)
**Note: **If the firewall is inactive, the following command will allow OpenSSH and enable the firewall:
sudo ufw allow OpenSSH
sudo ufw enable
After installing Jenkins and configuring the firewall, we can complete the initial setup.
Step 4-Set up Jenkins
To set up and install, please use your server domain name or IP address http://your_server_ip_or_domain:8080 to access Jenkins' default port 8080:
You should see the Unlock Jenkins screen, which shows the location of the initial password:
In the terminal window, use the cat command to display the password:
sudo cat /var/lib/jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword
Copy the 32-character alphanumeric password from the terminal and paste it into the Administrator Password field, then click Continue.
The next screen shows the option to install suggested plugins or select specific plugins:
We will click on the Install suggested plugins option and it will start the installation process immediately:
After the installation is complete, you will be prompted to set up the first administrative user. You can skip this step and continue to use the initial password we used above as admin, but we will take a moment to create the user.
**Note: **The default Jenkins server is not encrypted, so the data submitted using this form is not protected. When you are ready to use this installation, follow the guide How to configure Jenkins SSL with Nginx reverse proxy on Ubuntu 18.04. This will protect user credentials and information about the build transmitted through the web interface.
Enter the user's name and password:
You will see the "Instance Configuration" page, which will ask you to confirm the preferred URL of the Jenkins instance. Confirm the server's domain name or server's IP address:
After confirming the corresponding information, click "Save and Finish". You will see a confirmation page confirming "Jenkins is ready!":
Click Start with Jenkins to access the main Jenkins dashboard:
At this point, you have successfully completed the installation of Jenkins.
in conclusion
In this tutorial, you installed Jenkins using the software package provided by the project, started the server, opened the firewall, and created an administrative user. At this point, you can start exploring Jenkins.
After completing the exploration, if you decide to continue using Jenkins, please follow the guide How to configure Jenkins SSL with Nginx reverse proxy on Ubuntu 18.04 to protect your password and any sensitive system or product information. Sent between your computer and the server in plain text.
To learn more about installing Jenkins related tutorials, please go to [Tencent Cloud + Community] (https://cloud.tencent.com/developer?from=10680) to learn more.
Reference: "How To Install Jenkins on Ubuntu 18.04"
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