[Linux] Build Samba server (ubuntu16.04)
Original article http://blog.csdn.net/humanking7/https://blog.csdn.net/humanking7/article/details/83796786
Article Directory
- @[ toc]
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- Samba software installation and uninstallation
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1.1. installation
-
1.2. Uninstall
-
1.3. Check the Samb version
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1.4. Check and start Samba service
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- Preparation before configuration
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2.1. Create Samba access directory
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2.2. Create user account
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2.3. Add a user to the samba service (the user just created)
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- Edit configuration file
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- Restart service
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- Windows access samba
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- Add multiple users or groups
2018.12.17 Add：
New: [Linux]Samba server supports access to soft connection files and directories:https://blog.csdn.net/humanking7/article/details/85058471
1. Samba software installation and uninstallation#
1.1. installation##
apt-get install samba samba-common
# or
aptitude install -y samba
1.2. Uninstall##
apt-get autoremove samba
1.3. Check the Samb version##
method 1:
root@HP-xw4600:~# smbd --version
Version 4.3.11-Ubuntu
**Method 2: **
root@HP-xw4600:~# smbstatus
Samba version 4.3.11-Ubuntu
PID Username Group Machine Protocol Version
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Service pid machine Connected at
-------------------------------------------------------
No locked files
1.4. Check and start Samba service##
Check if Samba service is running
systemctl status smbd
systemctl status nmbd
To start these two services
systemctl start smbd
systemctl start nmbd
After it starts running, smbd will listen on ports 139 and 445.
2. Preparation before configuration#
2.1. Create Samba Access Directory##
Create a samba access directory and increase the permissions of the directory
mkdir /srv/qfxFtp/HDD_sdb1/qfxSamba_share
chmod 777/srv/qfxFtp/HDD_sdb1/qfxSamba_share
I mounted the hard disk under the HDD_sdb1 directory, and the entire qfxFtp directory is the directory of the FTP server, but the permissions are read-only.
2.2. Create user account##
By default, Samba sets the user to safe mode, which means that the client must enter the user name and password of the shared folder.
Simply put: The added Samba user must first be a Linux user, so you have to create a new Linux user first. You can also use your original user as long as you are not afraid of leaking account information.
To add a user on Ubuntu, please run the following command (when I add a user, for safety, the user cannot log in). Replace the user name with the user name you need. I named it qfxsamba here (the original name was named qfxSamba, where S is uppercase, how to add the name is wrong, and finally look at the prompt carefully, and then I know that there is a problem with the naming , But what's wrong with the naming?)
adduser -s /sbin/nologin qfxsamba
2.3. Add user to samba service (the user just created)
smbpasswd -a qfxsamba #[Enter the password to access Samba,Not a qfxsamba user password]
**PS: Common methods of **smbpasswd command:
smbpasswd -a Add users (the users to be added must be system users)
smbpasswd -d Freeze the user, that is, the user cannot log in
smbpasswd -e Restore users, unfreeze users, so that frozen users can use
smbpasswd -n Set the user's password to blank.
To write null passwords in global-true
smbpasswd -x delete user
3. Edit configuration file#
Only one configuration file needs to be processed: /etc/samba/smb.conf
First develop a good habit of backup, and then edit with Vim:
cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf.bak
vim /etc/samba/smb.conf
The following is the part to be modified
[ global]
# Make sure that the value of the workgroup is the same as the workgroup setting of the Windows computer
workgroup = WORKGROUP
# =====================================
# add by Qfx
# =====================================
# " Qfx Share Dir"Is the folder name that will be displayed on the Windows network
# The comment is a description of the shared folder
# Can visit/srv/qfxFtp/HDD_sdb1/qfxSamba_share/table of Contents
# Can write
# Specify a valid user
[ Qfx Share Dir]
comment = Qfx share Folder
path =/srv/qfxFtp/HDD_sdb1/qfxSamba_share
writable = yes
valid users = qfxsamba
4. Restart service#
systemctl restart smbd
5. Windows access samba#
Suppose the IP address of my Linux is 10.12.55.69
Enter in the Windows file browser:
\\10.12.55.69
Then the login dialog box will pop up, enter the user name and password to log in (the password is the one set by smbpasswd -a qfxsamba)
Possible problems
Samba only supports NTLM authentication, while WIN7 or VISTA uses NTLMv2 authentication, so some settings are required. The specific settings are as follows:
Start->
run->
secpol.msc->
Local strategy->
Security Options->
Network security: LAN manager authentication level->
Send LM and NTLMv2,If negotiated, use NTLMv2(Session security&)->
Finish setting
6. Add multiple users or groups#
Now the only user who can log in to the samba server is qfxsamba.
The following methods have not been tested:
If multiple accounts are more suitable for accessing the shared folder, please change the effective user as shown below in the /etc/samba/smb.conf file.
valid users = user1, user2, user3
You can also use smbpasswd to set a Samba password for each user.
smbpasswd -a user1 #[Enter the password to access Samba,Not user1 user password]
# Set up
smbpasswd -a user2 #[Enter the password to access Samba,Not user2 user password]
# Set up
smbpasswd -a user3 #[Enter the password to access Samba,Not user3 user password]
# Set up
To allow a group of users to access the shared folder, use the following configuration in /etc/samba/smb.conf.
valid users = @sambashare
Create group
groupadd sambashare
Then add the user to this group
gpasswd -a qfxsamba sambashare
gpasswd -a user1 sambashare
gpasswd -a user2 sambashare
gpasswd -a user3 sambashare
This group needs to have write access to the shared folder, which can be achieved through the following two commands.
Set sambashare as the group owner of the shared folder:
chgrp sambashare /path/to/shared/folder -R
Write permissions granted to the group:
chmod g+w /path/to/shared/folder/-R
OK！
Above, Enjoy~
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