Centos 7.6 install seleniu

1. Check Linux version

[ root@penguin selenium]# cat /etc/redhat-release 
CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810(Core)

2. Install selemium

2.1 Install selenium via pip, first install pip:

[ root@penguin selenium]#yum -y install epel-release

[ root@penguin selenium]#yum -y install python-pip

2.2 If you are prompted to update pip, execute the following command:

[ root@penguin selenium]#pip install --upgrade pip

2.3 pip install selenium

[ root@penguin src]# pip install selenium

2.4 Uninstall Mozilla firefox that comes with Centos

 mv /etc/firefox//etc/firefox.bak
 mv /usr/lib64/firefox//usr/lib64/firefox.bak
 mv /usr/bin/firefox /usr/bin/firefox.old

2.5 Download and unzip firefox

[ root@penguin src]# ls -l /usr/local/src/firefox-66.0.3.tar.bz2 
- rw-r--r--1 root root 62089056 Apr 3016:47/usr/local/src/firefox-66.0.3.tar.bz2

[ root@penguin src]#tar xjvf firefox-66.0.3.tar.bz2 

2.6 Create a virtual display

yum install Xvfb libXfont xorg-x11-fonts*
pip3 install  pyvirtualdisplay

2.7 Create a new symbolic link, test firefox start with xshell

[ root@penguin src]#cd firefox/

[ root@penguin src]#ln -s /usr/lib64/firefox/firefox /usr/bin/firefox

[ root@penguin selenium]# firefox -version
Mozilla Firefox 66.0.3

[ root@penguin src]#firefox No error is reported here, firefox starts normally, if there is an error, please/etc/hosts must have the following line:
127.0.0.1 localhost

2.8 Install google chrome, solve root can not run chrome

yum install https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_x86_64.rpm

[ root@penguin selenium]# google-chrome -version
Google Chrome 74.0.3729.108

Solve root cannot run chrome

vi /usr/bin/google-chrome

Add at the end of the file:

if[[-n "$CHROME_USER_DATA_DIR"]]; then
 # Note: exec -a below is a bashism.
 exec -a "$0""$HERE/chrome"  \
 - - user-data-dir="$CHROME_USER_DATA_DIR""$@"else
 exec -a "$0""$HERE/chrome"--user-data-dir="/root/.config/google-chrome/"  \
 " $@"--no-sandbox
fi

2.9 Download and configure firefox corresponding webdriver--geckodriver

cd /usr/local/src/
tar xzvf geckodriver-v0.24.0-linux64.tar.gz
cp /usr/local/bin/geckodriver /usr/bin/geckodriver

2.10 Download and configure the webdriver corresponding to google chrome--chromedriver_linux64

Download chromedriver_linux64.zip

Unzip, the configuration is as follows:

cp /usr/local/src/chromedriver_linux64/chromedriver /usr/bin/

root@penguin selenium]# chromedriver -version
ChromeDriver 74.0.3729.6 (255758eccf3d244491b8a1317aa76e1ce10d57e9-refs/branch-heads/3729@{#29})

3. test

3.1 Write code to test firefox

#! /usr/bin/env python3

from selenium import webdriver

driver = webdriver.Firefox()
driver.get('http://www.163.com')print(driver.title)
# driver.quit()

3.2 Write code to test google chrome

#! /usr/bin/env python3

from selenium import webdriver

driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get('https://www.baidu.com')print(driver.title)

driver.quit()

4. Exception problem solving

firefox：

File "/root/.pyenv/versions/3.6.4/lib/python3.6/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/firefox/webdriver.py", line 174,in __init__
 keep_alive=True)
 File "/root/.pyenv/versions/3.6.4/lib/python3.6/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 157,in __init__
 self.start_session(capabilities, browser_profile)
 File "/root/.pyenv/versions/3.6.4/lib/python3.6/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 252,in start_session
 response = self.execute(Command.NEW_SESSION, parameters)
 File "/root/.pyenv/versions/3.6.4/lib/python3.6/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 321,in execute
 self.error_handler.check_response(response)
 File "/root/.pyenv/versions/3.6.4/lib/python3.6/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/errorhandler.py", line 242,in check_response
 raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace)
selenium.common.exceptions.SessionNotCreatedException: Message: Unable to find a matching setof capabilities

Webdriver and firefox version do not match, you can find the corresponding webdriver version to solve

Traceback(most recent call last):
 File "./test.py", line 8,in<module>
 driver = webdriver.Firefox()  
 File "/root/.pyenv/versions/3.6.4/lib/python3.6/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/firefox/webdriver.py", line 164,in __init__
 self.service.start()
 File "/root/.pyenv/versions/3.6.4/lib/python3.6/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/common/service.py", line 104,in start
 raise WebDriverException("Can not connect to the Service %s"% self.path)
selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: Can not connect to the Service geckodriver

Uninstall the firefox that comes with the system, reinstall and set it as root to start, and refer to the setting of step 2.7/etc/hosts

chrome：

The main problem is caused by root being unable to start google-chrome, just configure the no-sandbox option, refer to step 2.8 for details